The WNAC has negotiated for the collection to be loaned to the Newcastle Museum to make these important artifacts more accessible to the Wonnarua people in their homeland of the Hunter. THE WORIMI CUSTOMS AND BELIEFS WORIMI TIMELINE OUR CULTURAL SITES WORIMI NATURE PLAN YOUR VISIT GALLERY MANAGEMENT CONTACT CUSTOMS AND BELIEFS You are here: Home CUSTOMS AND BELIEFS The beach within the park is unpatrolled. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? SYMBOLIC MEANING Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? More historical information of the Wonnarua will also be regularly added to this website, so that the Wonnarua story can be shared with and known by everyone. These people, the traditional owners of the Awabakal region have lived on, loved and looked after the magnificent Awabakal land and water systems continuously for millennia, at least since the last Ice Age, 11,800 years ago. Youth Representatives: The flag was first flown at Victoria Square in Adelaide on National Aborigines Day, 12 July 1971. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. Throughout Koori Australia, a complicated system of spiritual descent governed day-to-day life in the tribes. Tindale estimated Awabakal territory to cover some 700 square miles (1,800 km2). How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions. The objectives of the Awabakal Local Aboriginal Land Council are to improve, protect and foster the best interests of all Aboriginal persons. oI5LPI`OLXn>y\!=F'n8:@}>h(]onk! That is the Aboriginal interpretation of the creator. Other endings convey different meanings, such as permit, want, make and each other. [12][13], In 2013 an association of Awabakal and Guringai descendants laid claim to native title over land from Maitland to Hornsby. Awaba is now the name of a small town in the region. Renowned historian and Wonnarua descendant, James Miller explains in his book Koori a Will to Win: The spirit of Baime is depicted on a cave overlooking the Valley at Milbrodale painted more than 3000 years ago. Some of the stories that are connected to the cave talk about Baiame's arms and why they are so long. Waanytjawaanytja parray ngiruwampa? [10] The centre provides opportunities for teachers and students in the Hunter Region to learn about the environment and human interactions with the natural world. Awabakal language was recorded by Lancelot Edward Threlkeld and Awabakal Leader Birabahn in 'An Australian grammar: comprehending the principles and natural rules of the language as spoken by the Aborigines in the vicinity of Hunter's River, Lake MacQuarie & New South Wales' -'and this is the first, and most comprehensive record of any indigenous language in Australia. Like they do today they had their own religion and the Aboriginal religion had the deity figure, Goign or in the other people's language, Baiame is the figure. wakul Kookaburra (kukaparr) pulawarr frogs (yatangkan) nguru emu's (marin) waran kangaroo's (pantarr) warangkal platpus (pikan) kawalkawal snakes (kirawa) 4. :pencil: Colour the animal counting poster in . Wow! / Oh no! Ala piyarr! [16], This article is about the Awabakal ethnic group of Indigenous Australians. (b)to promote awareness in the community of the culture and heritage of Aboriginal persons in the Councils area. E e YVr^XCib'[X2t'IJhEX4|p=x>c>tpmt]}Wj4zQz6y^3N/yY\WKSsAq~f#LFn This group of objects was collected by Alexander Morrison in the New South Wales Hunter Valley during in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Singleton's NAIDOC Week activities are coordinated by the Singleton NAIDOC organising committee. THE brand new Wonnarua Park, dedicated to Wonnarua culture, spirit and ancestors, is now officially open for play. Baiame Cave is a heritage-listed cave and cultural site of the Wonnarua people at Milbrodale, Singleton Council, New South Wales, Australia. All Rights Reserved. He had different names. stream Lancelot Threlkeld, a missionary at Lake Macquarie, between 1824 and 1850. To date there have been no formal comparative studies conducted to compare the artwork of Baiame Cave and its condition over any period of time, however, in 2015 the landowners stated that over the 40 years they have owned the property, the site's condition is increasingly deteriorating with the pigments fading. This collection is of interest to the Wonnarua people whose families lived at the St. Clair mission where many of the objects were made. To read About the Wonnarua open the PDF. In 1970 he started working as a survey artist at the South Australian Museum, where he designed the flag. language is not just simply a means of communication; it also provides a means through which the culture, social values and world view of a particular language group can be identified and understood.. Fax and/or scanned and emailed applications are not accepted. The Awabakal, in pre-colonisation times, were noted as being strong and determined defenders of their territory, the means by which the defence occurred need to be explored to deepen understanding of the culture. Yellow: Represents the Sun, the giver of life and protector. [1], Baiame Cave is an exposed escarpment of Hawkesbury sandstone, approximately 24 metres above the adjacent valley, on the western side of Bulga Creek, facing in a north-easterly direction, overlooking the Hunter Valley towards Singleton. Fishing, particularly for shellfish, was a significant part of the Awabakal peoples diet and culture pre-colonisation. [1] 1,427 Followers. Wanarruwa is how the word looks using the standardised spelling used in the Beginners Guide. And everyone revered [him]. The spirit of Kawal is embodied in the wedge tailed eagle, found throughout the Hunter Valley. ), In 2021, the Wonnarua Elders Council asked Sharon Edgar-Jones to run an intensive 12-month long language program with Wonnarua Elders and community. Count and write :pen: the number in English next to each animal. The Elders' symbol (B) has been placed central to the artwork and over the main entrance to the hospital. 1. Their traditional territory spread from Wollombi in the west, to the Lower Hunter River near Newcastle and Lake Macquarie in the north. sections and totems connected the human being to his or her spiritual ancestry. 3. An Introduction to Wonnarua/Wanaruah/Wanarruwa Language course was developed to provide a range of speaking, reading, writing and listening skills, to encourage the use of the language in the home and to support the revival and maintenance of the language for current and future generations. Throughout Koori Australia, a complicated system of spiritual descent governed day-to-day life in the tribes. The stairway and mesh viewing platform are in good condition, although future maintenance of the stairway will be needed to maintain safety. Enquiries :[emailprotected], Copyright 2014 Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation | All Rights Reserved, Access the Wonnarua Language & Culture Archive, Download the language cards from the Tiddalick Story. The stencils include boomerangs, left and right hands and forearms, a hafted axe and possibly a spear. It was purchased by the Australian Museum between 1975 and 1982 from John Magers, a dealer and collector of Indigenous objects. [2], The cave and rock art are exposed to the elements throughout the year, but a sloped floor provides good drainage, keeping it dry and free from moisture. Miromaa Aboriginal Language and Technology Centre in Newcastle has researched Awabakal and produced a Community dictionary via Miromaa, its database system. Council is committed to strengthening relationships with the local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community, utilising the Aboriginal Reconciliation Committee and implementing the Aboriginal Reconciliation Action Plan and the Community Development Strategy 2022-2026. [15] In 2017 the claim was withdrawn after the NSW government claimed that, while the claim group, the Descendants of the Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation had shown descent from the original people indigenous to the area, it was argued that they had failed to demonstrate continuous preservation of customary laws and practices since the onset of white colonization. The Wonnarua people, otherwise written Wanarruwa, are a group of Aboriginal Australian people united by strong ties of kinship, and who survived in family groups or clans scattered along the inland area of what is now known as the Upper Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia. It is also known as Baiames Cave, Creator Cave, Dhurramulan, Goign, Wabooee, Baiamai, Biami, Baimae, Biamie, Biaime, Byarmie and Byarme. % Moderate. In our language we called him Goign. For Tindale, Kuringgai was synonymous with Awabakal. S4ISP9h)ux@ikfi!0@[c+ ue$1 $+~`AJft*{V$"l)I-% 6 y`A1x+ub"5-%t [6] Newcastle's main city thoroughfare, Watt Street was built over an Awabakal path from the shore to the top of a hill. [2], In 2015, the site remains relatively untouched by vandalism, the artwork is considered to be in its original form, but with fading and deterioration of the pigments caused by natural weathering. His eyes also are of large capacity because it was said also he was all seeing, all knowledge. Pronunciation of wonnarua with 1 audio pronunciations. Verbs have three tenses: present, past and future. For a Wonnarua baby, descent was traced from the father. Section 52.4 of the ALRA 83, advises the following; A Local Aboriginal Land Council has the following functions in relation to Aboriginal culture and heritage: (a)to take action to protect the culture and heritage of Aboriginal persons in the Councils area, subject to any other law. Council's Parks team worked with Moduplay Pty Ltd to create elements that reflect the Wonnarua totem, the Kawal eagle. Attempts are now underway to revive the language by people of a variety of Aboriginal origins who identify it with the landscape where they now live. General Enquiries:PO Box 3066, Singleton Delivery Centre, NSW 2330 254 John Street, Singleton, NSW, 2330, Health and Education Enquiries: Hopefully similar programs will be available to others in the near future, for more information, email sharon.edgarjones@muurrbay.org.au. For their language, see, Last edited on 26 February 2023, at 02:10, Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association, Aboriginal sacred sites across Australia still at risk as traditional owners 'locked out' of reforms, "Home Awabakal Environmental Education Centre", "Newcastle's first street to be illuminated", "Awabakal and Guringai native title claim from Maitland to Hornsby put on ice", The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, "Callaghan, The University of Newcastle: Whose Traditional Land? While this Salvage Grammar is out of print, Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation, the copyright holders, have given permission for it to be available via download as three PDFs (coming soon! They practised fire-stick farming extensively, which helped them to hunt and to navigate through dense prickly scrub along the coast.Newcastles main city thoroughfare, Watt Street, was built over an Awabakal path from the shore to the top of a hill. Count and say the Wonnarua number of animals represented on page 1. Who is your family? 1 rating. Is your family well? Sydney: Stephens and Stokes, Herald Office. Some language documentation may also record words and meanings inaccurately. 'The Valley was always there in the Dreaming, though mountains, trees, animals and people were not yet formed. 2,633 Following. Until the Great Sky Spirit Baiame opened his eyes'. [2], The location of the site and the open nature of the cave indicate that the site was specifically chosen for the purpose of showcasing the art interpretation of Baiame the 'Creator', and providing a panoramic view of the Hunter Valley. The Awabakal were bounded to the north-west by the Wonnarua, the Worimi to the north-east, and the Darkinung peoples to the west and south. Before Baime there was nothing, everything was sleeping. It is an NSW Department of Education and Communities facility. The symbolic meaning of the flag colours (as stated by Mr Harold Thomas) are: Black: Represents the Aboriginal people of Australia These dates commemorate two significant milestones in the reconciliation journey the successful 1967 referendum, and the High Court Mabo decision respectively. Kuutjita ngiruwampa marrung? the Awabakal Disability Service which provides "short to medium term support to young people living with a disability"; culturally appropriate care for older people; This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 02:10. :nB.ON'q:JFo:6-"ST#qySBem4/~hn&Rn %7a!Z]`]/|Uu[HOJ,EcJ~IpqQ77)axjYh}JVx.7N-:Drq6Ln19zF.fG[fQrH9guj(i2i]L,j|r2la4a'ynx=E'UGRxyZ:+jF$S548MS]q0Px6ZWlbLqqNlF.1x5e*qd The Wonnarua people's traditional lands are located in the Hunter Valley area of New South Wales. The Worimi (also spelt Warrimay) people are Aboriginal Australians from the eastern Port Stephens and Great Lakes regions of coastal New South Wales, Australia. We acknowledge the Wanaruah, Wonnarua People as the traditional owners and custodians of the land within the Singleton local government area. There is little to no detail visible, although the figure is the main focal point of the artwork and is positioned just off the centre of the cave. pTO~/9^`^zEt^D oJ; -ET%d{`tp}0=`~v3zO02='8dxZ\peq2h26 ]={Y\>Tl8~ *K(?%M\ ~4M-,=ZefnfS"Ru:B1:r"]Q/rh|- wedged talil eagle Why is one's aboriginal totem animal not hunted? xZnwx F6Y#61fdHvR}!9HiG^#3$J2J2u0Xr3.x0h-&*/9@$ioX/)q3 x>`$D[ %@iA u` It focuses on nurturing the history and culture of the Wonnarua Nation, improving the health and education of its members and managing investments to sustain the Corporations work. Since then, Harold has continued to work as an artist, with his works on display in several Australian galleries. [1] Arthur Capell however asserted that there was indeed evidence for a distinct Kuringgai language, which, in Tindale's schema, would imply they were a distinct people from the Awabakal.[3]. National Reconciliation Week is a time for all Australians to learn about our shared histories, cultures, and achievements, and to explore how each of us can contribute to achieving reconciliation in Australia. In their language, awaba was the word for Lake Macquarie, meaning flat or plain surface, and by extension referred to the people native to that area. The Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation was established in 1999 and represents the Wonnarua people. It is responsible for the delivery of community and health services to Aboriginal people in this region, including: The Butterfly Cave at West Wallsend is part of womens business related to birthing, and has been the subject of decades of active protection by women. A dreamtime story from the Wonnarua explains how the hills and rivers in the Hunter Valley were created by a spirit called Baiame. In our language we called him Goign. from 1820 to 1921 by A.N. But essentially the figure in the cave here is . Objects from Alexander Morrisons collection are also held by the National Museum of Australia. In the Awabakal language, awaba was the word for Lake Macquarie, meaning flat or plain surface, and by extension referred to the people native to that area. The reason being is because he was believed to be protector of the area and protector of the people in the district. The flag was chosen as the official flag for the Aboriginal Tent Embassy and was first flown there in 1972. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? Council pays respect to all Aboriginal Elders, past, present and future with a spiritual connection to these lands. The Awabakal were bounded to the northwest by the Wonnarua, the Worimi to the northeast, and the Darkinjung peoples to the west and south. In 1995, the Australian Government proclaimed the flag as an official Flag of Australia under section 5 of the Flags Act 1953. Baime awoke and created everything, the mountains, plains, rivers and every living thing. It builds on Muurrbays A Salvage Grammar and Wordlist of the Language from the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie (2006) by Amanda Lissarrague. (Awabakal LALC is the only Aboriginal organisation in Newcastle who has a statutory role to protect and conserve Aboriginal Culture & Heritage). The traditional custodians of the Singleton area are the Wonnarua, Wanaruah people, and their lands extend throughout the Hunter Valley. Wonnarua traditional owner Victor Perry has described their understanding of the artwork as such: On the back of this cave out here at Milbrodale is a figure of, a deity figure that was known up and down the coast in Aboriginal tribal society. Today 8.3% or 2,033 people in Singleton identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in the 2021 Census. [2], Baiame Cave continues to demonstrate the importance of ancestral beings, creation stories and Dreaming sites throughout Aboriginal communities, providing the Wonnarua people with a place that enables them to maintain traditional practices and customs, share oral histories, creation stories and traditional lore (law). . It is a place considered to be of special cultural, social and spiritual significance.[2]. The Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation was established in 1999 and represents the Wonnarua people. Archaeological Excavations (Test pitting and salvage works/investigations), Provide Cultural information to consultants/archaeologists/proponents, Provide recommendations on reporting requirements, Conduct Due Diligence site assessments/surveys, Provide Aboriginal Culture Education Walks and Talks with school students/Groups, Make complaints to the Office of Environment & Heritage, Environmental line, Provide information for interpretive signage in housing developments. Information from The Australian Museum on the Morrison Collection: The Morrison Collection was a collection of 124 Aboriginal cultural objects collected at the turn of the 20th century by Alexander Morrison in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales. It is used here to symbolise that the hospital is a safe place for all those seeking care. Completed claim form and original receipts mail to: PO Box 889 The Junction NSW 2291 They had possession of their rich coastal territory for thousands of years, during which time they successfully repelled incursions by the neighbouring Gamilaraay people and established places of defence, virtual armouries, high in the Watagan Mountains. [2], Baiame Cave is a unique and excellent example of Aboriginal rock art and is highly respected by the local Wonnarua people, numerous Aboriginal nations throughout south-east Australia and the wider community of the Hunter Valley. The recorded history of the Wonnarua begins in the early nineteenth century when the Europeans settled. An Australian Grammar comprehending the principles and natural rules of the language, as spoken by the Aborigines, in the vicinity of Hunters River, Lake Macquarie, &c. New South Wales. Their wisdom and understanding is highly respected by all members of our Nation. The Morrison Collection, artifacts of the Wonnarua people and Kooris of the Hunter, is currently housed at the Australian Museum. A rich system of noun tag endings conveying a lot of meaning, including who does what to whom, with what, and where. 2023 Awabakal LALC. [9], The Awabakal Environmental Education Centre began operating in 1976. Currently a map of the Wonnarua Nation is being developed based on historical oral and written records. This was designed to help Elders fully participate in the revival of Wanarruwa language on Country. They had possession of their rich coastal territory for thousands of years, during which time they successfully repelled incursions by the neighbouring Gamilaraay people and established places of defence, "virtual armouries", high in the Watagan Mountains.[6]. Ngaany kuutjita ngiruwampa? %PDF-1.5 How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions. this digital archive is owned and managed by the wonnarua nation aboriginal corporation (wnac), which represents the wonnarua people, the traditional landowners of the hunter valley (nsw). Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? Once the map is finalised it will be available on this website. The first is, the Gringai are mentioned as occupying the headwaters of the Allyn, Paterson, Williams and Chichester rivers, as well as, according to Scott, the lower reaches of the Hunter and Karuah rivers. Baime has his arms stretched open protecting the Valley. The Awabakal people played a significant part in shaping the environment of their region. revered as the creator figure. A Beginners Guide to Wannaruwa, 2019, Sharon Edgar-Jones and Albert Burgman, Muurrbay. Material on this site has different rights, uses, and permissions associated with it. These descendants are connected through their families/family culture together and represented by the Awabakal Descendants of the Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation. Worimi Local Aboriginal land Council 2163 Nelson Bay Road, Williamtown NSW 2318 Email: reception@worimi.org.au Phone: ( 02 ) 4033 8800 Fax: ( 02 ) 4033 8899 Worimi Overview Home / About Us / Contact Us 2014 Designed & Developed By SOS Technology Group The Wonnarua people are the traditional land owners of the Singleton area and their lands extend throughout the Hunter Valley and have occupied the Upper Hunter for at least 30,000 years, with traditional knowledge holding that occupation extends back to the early stages of the Dreaming. The dates for National Reconciliation Week remain the same each year; 27 May to 3 June. He had different names. The teacher was Biraban, also known as John McGill, and the student was the Rev. Scott F. @wonnaruamessiah. The community and researchers have used several different spellings for this language name, Sharon Edgar-Jones comments: In order to write, read and teach a language, a standardised spelling system is required. This form is only used in reference to the language and when writing in language. Gary Foley took the flag to the East Coast where it was promoted and eventually recognised as the official flag of the Australian Aboriginal people. Before contact with settlers, their people extended from Port Stephens in the south to Forster / Tuncurry in the north and as far west as Gloucester. Baiame Cave is the only known and recorded rock shelter with larger-than-life, pigment art depicting the ancestral creator Baiame. For guidance about using the Aboriginal flag, its colours, or the Torres Strait Islander Flag refer to the Commonwealth Flag Officer (phone 02 6271 5629 or 02 6271 5111) at the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet. James book, Koori a Will to Win, is a compelling historical account of 200 years of his family and the tribal history of the Wonnarua people. Eather, and a description of the last combined Bora ceremony on the family property in 1852. EmailE council@singleton.nsw.gov.au, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People, Parks, Playgrounds, Sportsgrounds and Reserves, Understanding types of developments and applications, Singleton Development Contributions Plan 2008, Building, Renovating and Building Certification, On Site Sewage Management System Installations, Other Approvals and Design Considerations, Regulation and Compliance for Food Businesses, Singleton Community and Economic Development Fund. For more information on National Reconciliation Week visit theNational Reconciliation Week website. Groups living near the Wonnarua include the Darkinjung and the Wirad It focuses on nurturing the history and culture of the Wonnarua Nation, improving the health and education of its members and managing investments to sustain the Corporations work. The Tlingit tribe, the Haida tribe, the Bella Coola tribe, the Kwakiutl tribe, the Tsimshian tribe, and the West Coast tribe. Only 6 Northwest Indian tribes produced totem poles. The pronouns have singular, dual and plural forms and convey a lot more information than English pronouns. Please see below some of Awabakal LALCs Culture & Heritage role and responsibilities; Awabakal LALC networks with the following organisations for positive outcomes for Aboriginal Culture & Heritage in Newcastle; Current Major ACH works within ALALCs boundaries; Care and Control of objects of Cultural significance. If you'd like to interpret that, that would be the same as same as God as the creator to the English people. While the board members manage the Corporation, the Elders are paramount in guiding the Awabakal Nation. The Wonnarua. Assist crown land claims as required from time to time. '[1], Media related to Baiame cave art at Wikimedia Commons, Location of Baiame Cave in New South Wales, Last edited on 17 November 2021, at 02:03, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baiame_Cave&oldid=1055651025, Owner of land where Baiame Cave is situated. Wanaruah LALC aims to protect the interests and further the aspirations of its members and the broader Aboriginal community. The Wonnarua people's traditional lands are located in the Hunter Valley area of New South Wales. In 1997, the Federal Court of Australia officially recognised Harold Thomas as the author of the flag. The wedge tailed eagle symbol (C) is the totem of the Wonnarua people and is placed on either side. Wonnarua is a contemplative moving image installation work that aims to provoke discussion around themes of Indigenous ways of living in juxtaposition with western settler-state system's unsustainable, damaging ways of using stolen lands. Joining a LALC Confirmation of Aboriginality LALC Elections LALC Training Community Development Levy What is a Land Dealing? This protects the flag under the Copyright Act 1968 and so it may be only reproduced in accordance with this legislation or with the permission of Mr Thomas. <> Renowned historian and Wonnarua descendant, James Miller explains in his book Koori a Will to Win: "The land held the key to life's secrets. See https://www.miromaa.org.au/. What is the totem of wonnarua tribe? Kon, their celestial entity, looks like an Aboriginal man, but in flight resembles an eagle-hawk. Awabakal Local Aboriginal Land Council (Awabakal LALC) is an Aboriginal organisation regulated under the Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983. More recent estimates are that Awabakal territory covers 2870 square kilometres. Very difficult. According to the Eather Family, the Bora ceremony was not held on the Meerea property but at another nearby location. The cave shows evidence of infestation by swallows, which have built nests in the roof. In their language, awaba was the word for Lake Macquarie, meaning flat or plain surface, and by extension referred to the people native to that area. Baime also created Kawal (Ka-wal), to watch over the Wonnarua people. Kon, their "celestial entity", looks like an Aboriginal man, but in flight resembles an eagle-hawk. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? 2. The Wonnarua people are traditional landowners in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales. Supported through the Australian Government's Indigenous Languages and Arts program. However, the site sits on privately owned land allotted for a growing housing estate, owned by Hammersmith Management which is owned by the Roche Group. The Awabakal people , a group of indigenous people of New South Wales, are those Aboriginal Australians who identify with or are descended from the Awabakal tribe and its clans scattered along the coastal area of what is now known as the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales. Archaeology companies just to name a few. Wollotuka's all indigenous staff moved into their new building, Birabahn in 2002, and the Wollotuka Institute was officially established in 2009. For more information, please read the pdfs below. Under the Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983 (ALRA 83), Awabakal LALC has particular statutory obligations in relation to Protecting and Conserving Aboriginal Culture & Heritage. Awaba is now the name of a small town in the region. Media. [11] Wollotuka, meaning an 'eating and meeting place' originally began as a support programme in 1983 to assist and promote university studies for indigenous people. This group of objects was collected by Alexander Morrison in the New South Wales Hunter Valley during in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Board The Elders Wonnarua Projects Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation Initiatives Health and Education Source https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awabakal. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? They practised fire-stick farming extensively, which helped them to hunt and to navigate through dense prickly scrub along the coast. Their extraordinary resilience, is in part due to their excellence in civic relations, as demonstrated by their forebear, the most important Indigenous Intellectual of Australia in C19th, Birabahn and this is seen in their consideration of newly settled Aboriginal people on Awabakal lands and water places.